HTML Entities.HTML math entities for Explorer 11, Firefox 27.0 and Chrome 31 browsers, Dec 2016.Many do not work in Explorer 8.
Web references: Example of usage. To write the copyright symbol ©, use code: ©.
HTML tag codes.& amp, ampersand.< lt, left angular bracket. > gt, right angular bracket.
Commonly used symbols.© copy, copyright.™ trade, trademark. ® reg, registered. ¶ para, paragraph. §, sect, section. … hellip, horizontal ellipsis. ˆ circ, circumflex. ‾ oline; overline. † dagger, dagger. ‡ Dagger, double dagger. ‘ lsquo, left single quote. › rsquo, right single quote. “ ldquo, left double quote. ” rdquo, right double quote. ‹ lsaquo, left single angle quotation mark. › rsaquo, right single angle quotation mark. « laquo, left angle quotation mark. », raquo, right angle quotation mark. ∥ par, parallel. ⊥ perp, perpendicular. ¿ iquest, inverted question mark. ¡ iexcl, inverted exclamation mark. ¢ cent. $ dollar. € euro. £ pound. ¥ yen. ✓ check, check mark (tick). ✔ #10004, ✓ #x2713, ✔ #x1714. ☐ #9744, ☑ #9745, ☒ #9746, ✓ #10003, ✔ #10004. ☆ star, star symbol. ⋆ Star; solid star symbol.
♥ hearts, solid heart symbol.
♠ spades, solid spades symbol. ^ Hat, hat symbol. • bull, bullet symbol. □ square, square. ▪ blacksquare, black square. ▴ blacktriangle, black triangle. ▾ blacktriangledown, black triangle down.. ◂ blacktriangleleft. black triangle left. ▸ blacktriangleright. black triangle right.
Some common letters, ligatures and diacriticals.¨ uml, umlaut. ü uuml, umlauted u. Ü Uuml, umlauated capital U.ö ouml, umlauted o . Ö Ouml, umlauted capital O. ´ acute, acute. á aacute, acute a. é eacute, acute e. É Eacute, capital E acute. ` grave, grave. è egrave, grave e. È Egrave, grave capital E. æ aelig, ae ligature. Æ AElig, AE ligature. Š Scaron. S caron. ℵ aleph, Hebrew letter aleph. ò ó ô õ ō o̅ ŏ ȯ ö ỏ o̊ ő ǒ o̍ o̎ ȍ o̐ ȏ o̒ o̓ o̔ o̕ o̖ #768-#790; diacriticals. ̗ o̘ o] o̚ ơ o̜ o̝ o̠ o̡ o̢ ọ o̤ o̥ o̦ o̧ ǫ o̩ o̪ o̫ o̬ o̭ o̮ o̯ #791-#814; diacriticals. More diacriticals up to #879. See: W3 schools diacriticals.
Mathematics.√ radic, radical. Square root.∛ #8731, cube root. ∜ #8732, fourth root. ∝ prop, proportional to. Or: ∝ #8733. ƒ fnof, function symbol. Or ƒ #402. ∴ there4. Or #8756, therefore. ∵ becaus, because. Or ∵ #8757. ⋅ sdot, dot operator. ¨ Dot, double dot. · middot, middle dot. Or · #183. • bull, bullet. Best for vector dot product. □ square, open square. ■ #9632, solid medium square. × times, multiplication operator. Don't use letter "x". × vector cross product is bold. ÷ division operator. − minus, minus sign. Compare the hyphen - and the ndash – . + plus, plus sign. Compare the keyboard symbol: + . No difference in most fonts. ± plusmn, plus or minus symbol. ∓ mnplus, minus or plus symbol. Or ∓ #8723. ∠ ang, angle. ∞ infin, infinity. < lt, less than. > gt, greater than. ≤ le, less than or equal to. ≥ ge, greater than or equal to. ≤ le, less than or equal to. ≥ ge, greater than or equal to. ⪙ el, equal or less than. ⪚ eg, equal or greater than. ≅ cong, congruent. ≈ asymp, approximately equal to. ≡ equiv, equivalent to. ≠ ne, not equal to. ~ tilde. It is on the keyboard. ⁄ frasl, fraction slash. ° deg, degree. Precede it with a non-breaking space, i.e. 20 °C ∇ nabla, nabla or grad. Not supported in IE8 for Windows XP. ∇ #8711, nabla or grad. Not supported in IE8 for Windows XP. ← larr, left arrow. → rarr, right arrow. ↑ uarr, up arrow. ↓ darr, down arrow. ∫ int, integral operator. ∬ Int, double integral operator. ∭ tint, triple integral operator. ∮ conint, contour integral operator. ∯ Conint, contour double integral operator. ∱ cwint, clockwise contour integral operator. ⨑ awint, anti-clockwise contour integral operator. ∲ #8753, clockwise contour integral operator. ∳ #8755, counter-clockwise contour integral operator. ∑ sum, summation operator. ∏ prod, product operator. ∂ part, partial derivative. π pi, Greek letter pi. Π Pi, Greek upper case letter pi. Other letters, same pattern. ħ #295, h-bar, for h/2π. Better and clearer: ℏ #x210F ℋ hamilt, hamiltonian. ℒ lagran, lagrangian. ℏ planck, Planck's constant. ℓ #x2113, lower case script "L". ℒ #x2112, upper case script "L". ℋ #x219B. upper case "H" ½ half, fraction 1/2. Or ½, frac12. ⅓ ¼ ¾ ¼ ¾ ⅕ ⅖ ⅗ ⅞, frac13 etc. Fractions.
⅓ #8531, fraction 1/3. ⅔ #8532, fraction 2/3. 〈 lang left angle. 〉 rang, right angle.
⌉ rceil, right ceiling.
| | hair space, #8202 µ micro, metric micro. μ mu, Greek letter mu, for comparison. φ phi, Greek letter phi. Φ Phi upper case. ø oslash, for comparison. Ø Oslash, upper case oslash. αβγδεπθωψφ ΑΒΓΔΕΠΘΩΨΦ ß slig, German es-zed, or double s. Half line spacing in monospaced text, use <p style="line-height:50%">...</p>
Fractions, using 50% line height within table tag, horizontal rule for the dividing line and <center> for the denominator:
Isotopes.
The pre-super and pre-subscripts in the standard notation for isotopes is a real problem in HTML.
This is an isotope
This used <p style="line-height:50%"> Square roots using the <span style="text-decoration:overline"> for the radical overline, and <span style="font-size:13px;vertical-align:+25%;"> for the superscript. This has a defect in the overline over the superscript, but that is tolerable. √ b2 − 4ac Square roots using the table tag and verdana font: Solutions of a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 . Verdana font 12px and 25% vertical-align.
MathML Math Markup Language.MathML works in Firefox 27, but not in Explorer or Chrome.Aligned super and subscripts written using the <math> tag and <msubsup>. An isotope C using the <math> tag and empty <mo></mo> tag.
This document compiled by Donald E. Šímánek, 2016, 2017. |